Compare Greenland (2007) - Christmas Island (2007)

Compare Greenland (2007) z Christmas Island (2007)

	Greenland (2007)	Christmas Island (2007)

Administrative divisions	3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland) note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland	none (territory of Australia)
Age structure	0-14 years: 24% (male 6,926/female 6,597) 15-64 years: 69.1% (male 20,901/female 18,012) 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 1,873/female 2,035) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish	NA
Airports	14 (2007)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 5 (2007)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	-
Area	total: 2,166,086 sq km land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)	total: 135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than three times the size of Texas	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background	Greenland, the world's largest island, is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century, and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the EU) with Denmark in 1973, but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute centered on stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament; the law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs in consultation with Greenland's Home Rule Government.	Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate	16.01 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $1.36 billion expenditures: $1.27 billion (2005)	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA
Capital	name: Nuuk (Godthab) geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Greenland is divided into four time zones	name: The Settlement geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters	tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
Coastline	44,087 km	138.9 km
Constitution	5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)	Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat	conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island
Death rate	7.93 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$25 million (1999)	-
Dependency status	part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979	non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	managed dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland	none
Economic aid - recipient	$512 million; note - subsidy from Denmark (2005)	$NA
Economy - overview	The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and substantial support from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Several interesting hydrocarbon and mineral exploration activities are ongoing. Press reports in early 2007 indicated that two international aluminum companies were considering building smelters in Greenland to take advantage of local hydropower potential. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs. Air Greenland announced plans to begin summer-season direct flights to the U.S. east coast in May 2007 potentially opening a major new tourism market.	Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future.
Electricity - consumption	279 million kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - production	300 million kWh (2005)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues	protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting	loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining
Ethnic groups	Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (2000)	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates	Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9468 (2006), 5.9969 (2005), 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Soren MOLLER (since April 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002) cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by parliament (usually the leader of the majority party); election results: Hans ENOKSEN reelected prime minister note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports	NA bbl/day	$NA
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)	phosphate
Exports - partners	Denmark 67.8%, Japan 11.9%, China 5.5% (2006)	Australia, NZ (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white	territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - real growth rate	2% (2005 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	72 00 N, 40 00 W	10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note	dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap	located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA bbl/day	$NA
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products	consumer goods
Imports - partners	Denmark 69.9%, Sweden 16.3%, Norway 3.7% (2006)	principally Australia (2006)
Independence	none (extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)	none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut); gold, niobium, tantalite, uranium, iron and diamond mining; handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards	tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate	total: 14.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (2005 est.)	-
International organization participation	Arctic Council, NC, NIB, UPU	none
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)	Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force	32,120 (2004)	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)
Languages	Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English	English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system	the laws of Denmark, where applicable, apply	under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 15 November 2005 (next to be held by December 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 30.7%, Demokratiit 22.8%, IA 22.6%, Atassut Party 19.1%; Katusseqatigiit 4.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Demokratiit 7, IA 7, Atassut 6, Katusseqatigiit 1 note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 8 February 2005 (next to be held in February 2009); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1	unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.23 years male: 66.65 years female: 73.9 years (2007 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% (2001 est.)	NA
Location	Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada	Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references	Arctic Region	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,422 GRT/2,340 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger 1 registered in other countries: 1 (Denmark 1) (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Denmark	defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday	June 21 (longest day)	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality	noun: Greenlander(s) adjective: Greenlandic	noun: Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards	continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas	phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate	-8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Atassut Party (Solidarity) [Finn KARLSEN] (a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark); Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood) [Josef MOTZFELDT] (a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule); Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List) (an independent right-of-center party with no official platform); Siumut (Forward Party) [Hans ENOKSEN] (a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark)	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	56,344 (July 2007 est.)	1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-0.03% (2007 est.)	0% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)
Religions	Evangelical Lutheran	Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.115 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995 domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean) (2000)	general assessment: service provided by the Australian network domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)
Telephones - main lines in use	25,300 (2002)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	32,200 (2004)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus some local low-power stations, and 3 Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) stations (1997)	0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006)
Terrain	flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast	steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate	2.4 children born/woman (2007 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	9.3% (2005 est.)	-

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